A dental root canal is a procedure used to treat infection at the center of a tooth (the root canal system). It involves the removal of infected or damaged pulp, cleaning and disinfecting the inner chamber, and then filling and sealing the tooth to prevent further infection. The goal of a root canal is to save a tooth that might otherwise need to be extracted due to decay or infection.

The Root Canal Procedure

1. Diagnosis and Preparation: The dentist will take X-rays to determine the extent of the infection and will administer local anesthesia to numb the area.
2. Access Opening: A small opening is made in the crown of the tooth to access the pulp chamber.
3. Cleaning and Shaping: The infected or dead pulp is removed, and the root canals are cleaned, shaped, and disinfected.
4. Filling the Canals: The cleaned canals are filled with a biocompatible material called gutta-percha, which seals the canals to prevent reinfection.
5. Restoration: A temporary or permanent filling is placed on the tooth. Often, a crown is recommended to protect the tooth and restore its function.